Workbook Pressure Sores free essay sample

Undertake agreed pressure area care Unit 4222-229 Undertake agreed pressure area care Outcome 1 Understand the anatomy and physiology of the skin in relation to pressure area care The learner can: 1. describe the anatomy and physiology of the skin in relation to skin breakdown and the development of pressure sores Skin is the largest organ of the body, covering and protecting the entire surface of the body. The total surface area of skin is around 3000 sq inches or roughly around 19,355 sq cm depending on age, height, and body size. The skin, along with its derivatives, nails, hair, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands forms the integumentary system. Besides providing protection to the body the skin has a host of other functions to be performed like regulating body temperature, immune protection, sensations of touch, heat, cold, and pain through the sensory nerve endings, communicating with external openings of numerous other body systems like digestive system, urogenital system, and respiratory system via mucous membranes. We will write a custom essay sample on Workbook Pressure Sores or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The skin is primarily composed of three layers. The skin, which appears to be so thin, is still itself divided into epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer or hypodermis. Each layer has it own function and own importance in maintaining the integrity of skin and thereby the whole body structure. Pressure sores or decubitus ulcers are the result of a constant deficiency of blood to the tissues over a bony area such as a heel which may have been in contact with a bed or a splint over an extended period of time. The surface of the skin can ulcerate which may become infected. Eventually subcutaneous and deeper tisssues are damaged. Besides the heel, other areas commonly involved are the skin over the buttocks, sacrum, ankles hips and other bony sites of the body. | 2. identify pressure sites of the body Common pressure points on the body include the tail bone (sacrum), hip bone areas, and the ankle and heel. Less common sites include the elbows, spine, ribs, and back of the head. | 3. identify factors which might put an individual at risk of skin breakdown and pressure sores Pressure sores or decubitus ulcers are the result of a constant deficiency of blood to the tissues over a bony area such as a heel which may have been in contact with a bed or a splint over an extended period of time. The surface of the skin can ulcerate which may become infected. Eventually subcutaneous and deeper tisssues are damaged. Besides the heel, other areas commonly involved are the skin over the buttocks, sacrum, ankles hips and other bony sites of the body. Factors which influence the development and healing of pressure ulcers: †¢ Pressure and shear †¢ Impaired or restricted mobility / activity †¢ Sensory impairment †¢ Reduced level of consciousness †¢ Incontinence †¢ Poor nutrition and hydration †¢ Extremes of age* †¢ Poor posture or inadequate support †¢ Previous pressure damage †¢ Acute, chronic and terminal illness| 4. describe how incorrect handling and moving techniques can damage the skin Effective moving and handling has a role to play in the prevention of pressure ulcer formation. Inappropriate moving and handling practices may result in tissue damage and contribute to ulcer formation. Once formed, pressure ulcers may prove difficult to treat and their presence may have implications on how a client may be positioned and moved and may further hinder their recovery. | 5. identify a range of interventions that can reduce the risk of skin breakdown and pressure sores Mobility has a significant role to play in the prevention of pressure ulcers. By facilitating client movement, the practitioner is reducing the likelihood of tissue damage by: Relieving pressure Promoting circulation Allowing air to reach the skin Reducing temperature and humidity Avoiding incontinence Allowing skin to be inspectedThere are also a range of special mattresses and cushions to relieve pressure on vulnerable parts of the body. Most popular are the ones that can be connected to flow of air. Which is automatically regulated to reduce pressure as  and when required. Special dressings and bandages can be used to protect and to speed up the healing of pressure sores. Topical preparations such as cream and ointments can speed up healing process and prevent further tissue damage. There is also a vast range of equipment that is designed specifically to assist with moving and handling. Chairs Wheelchairs Beds Shower/Commode Chairs Sliding Boards Sliding Sheets Low Friction Rollers One Way Slides Turntables Hoists and Slings| 6. describe changes to an individual’s skin condition that should be reported. Outcome 2 Understand good practice in relation to own role when undertaking pressure area care 1. identify legislation and national guidelines affecting pressure area care | 2. describe agreed ways of working relating to pressure area care | 3. describe why team working is important in relation to providing pressure area care. | Outcome 3 Be able to follow the agreed care plan The learner can: 1. describe why it is important to follow t he agreed care plan | 2. ensure the agreed care plan has been checked prior to undertaking the pressure area care | 4. escribe actions to take where any concerns with the agreed care plan are noted | 5. identify the pressure area risk assessment tools which are used in own work area | 6. explain why it is important to use risk assessment tools. | Outcome 4 Understand the use of materials, equipment and resources available when undertaking pressure area care The learner can: 1. identify a range of aids or equipment used to relieve pressure | 2. describe safe use of aids and equipment. | 3. identify where up-to-date information and support can be obtained about: Materials| | Equipment| | Resources| | .